{"id":415,"date":"2017-06-30T12:48:40","date_gmt":"2017-06-30T19:48:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/?p=415"},"modified":"2017-06-30T12:48:40","modified_gmt":"2017-06-30T19:48:40","slug":"on-the-art-of-academic-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/on-the-art-of-academic-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"On the art of academic writing&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>So, the other night, hubby and I were in the living room partaking of our usual evening multi-tasking, both of us in our favorite locations with tablets in hand, watching CNN, periodically commenting on what we\u2019re watching or reading. I explained that I just finished a couple of hours of reading on how to write a paragraph, and found it totally fascinating. He put down his tablet and looked at me. I waited and waited\u2014watching him watching me\u2014and finally he said, \u201cI just don\u2019t know what to say. How could that possibly be interesting to anyone?\u201d \u201cHah!\u201d sez I. I badly wanted to share what I learned, but clearly I was addressing the wrong audience.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt\">&#8230;and that\u2019s why I have dogs.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>This is my reflection on the topic of academic writing. On the one hand\u2014as some classmates expressed\u2014understanding this information before attempting work in the previous course would have been helpful. On the other hand, I think the sequence of emphasis is better this way.<\/p>\n<p>When we wrote the papers in the last course, it was enough to bring the APA concepts into play, let alone produce them flawlessly. I found it challenging enough to come to grips with the concept of being a student, paying attention to conveying and supporting my ideas, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>Now that I&#8217;ve adjusted to the shock of being a student again, I&#8217;m ready to take some detailed writing concepts on board and build on what I natively produced in the previous course.<\/p>\n<p>The first resource I found especially helpful was the <a href=\"http:\/\/media.royalroads.ca\/media\/Library\/writingcentre\/presentations\/AW_full\/AW_full.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Writing an Academic Paragraph<\/a> presentation from the RRU Library.<\/p>\n<p>Slide 7 models building an argument in three segments:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Argument.<\/strong> This first sentence presents the topic for the paragraph.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Evidence.<\/strong> Cited source that supports the claim.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Analysis.<\/strong> How evidence supports the argument.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Further on, Slide 12 shows a full sample with a series of callouts to the components that make up the paragraph. I offer my interpretation of a paragraph structure, where the &#8220;&#8230;&#8221; indicates additional evidence\/analysis pairs.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_451\" style=\"width: 542px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-451\" class=\"wp-image-451 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-1.png\" alt=\"flowchart showing paragraph structure\" width=\"532\" height=\"409\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-1.png 532w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-1-300x231.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 532px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 532\/409;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-451\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paragraph structure<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#dfd6d3;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#f9f0ed;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">I have had an epiphany of sorts, in realizing how academic writing is related to the writing I currently do. If I were writing an article about something, I&#8217;d use a structure similar to the graphic above. However, each component would be its own paragraph, and I&#8217;d have a series of subheadings for each evidence\/analysis pair.<\/div><\/div>\n<p>I found other ideas and concepts striking, including the structure of a paragraph, and the length and complexity\u00a0of a paragraph.<\/p>\n<h1>The formulaic structure of a paragraph<\/h1>\n<p>Two video resources on our reading list were especially useful. (If you haven&#8217;t watched the videos, click each screen capture to open the corresponding YouTube video.)<\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif\">Information paragraph<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In this first screen capture, you see a color-coded information paragraph:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yellow indicates the introductory sentence, and words used to transition between concepts.<\/li>\n<li>Blue indicates the concepts introduced.<\/li>\n<li>Green indicates the citations (although there&#8217;s one instance that&#8217;s not highlighted.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_436\" style=\"width: 623px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ppLOv9-NBDY&amp;index=2&amp;list=PLrVp3Whndt16AKcSzWHp_VuP2JBrfPDWt\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-436\" class=\"wp-image-436 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-03.png\" alt=\"screenshot of color-coded paragraph\" width=\"613\" height=\"429\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-03.png 613w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-03-300x210.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 613px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 613\/429;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-436\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kay, R. (2015, November 4).\u00a0Academic Writing \u2013 Information Paragraph<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The structure is rhythmic and follows a predictable pattern.<\/p>\n<h2>Research-based paragraph<\/h2>\n<p>The second screenshot shows a short research-focused paragraph, color-coded by citation:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yellow indicates the paragraph\u2019s theme sentence.<\/li>\n<li>Each of the three references are included in the initial citation following the theme sentence.<\/li>\n<li>Each citation introduces a concept added to the paragraph.<\/li>\n<li>The order of the citations match throughout.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_437\" style=\"width: 652px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6W9g5BBzgbo&amp;index=1&amp;list=PLrVp3Whndt16AKcSzWHp_VuP2JBrfPDWt\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-437\" class=\"wp-image-437 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-04.png\" alt=\"screenshot of research paragraph color-coded\" width=\"642\" height=\"355\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-04.png 642w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-04-300x166.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 642px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 642\/355;\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-437\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kay, R. (2015, November 4).\u00a0Academic Writing \u2013 Researching a Paragraph<\/p><\/div>\n<p>It makes perfect sense! This one paragraph not only shows me how to construct the paragraph, but suggests ways in which to organize the research that produces this output.<\/p>\n<p>Eureka.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-note\"  style=\"border-color:#dfd6d3;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\"><div class=\"su-note-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\" style=\"background-color:#f9f0ed;border-color:#ffffff;color:#333333;border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;-webkit-border-radius:3px;\">Every time I watch the movie &#8220;Twelve Monkeys&#8221; I make a note to try covering a wall with sticky notes to organize myself.\u00a0I dismissed that idea as I don&#8217;t write by hand much (carpal tunnel surgeries), but it did make me think of Padlet. I think I may experiment with using a Padlet to organize what I need as I can copy and paste to my heart&#8217;s content without causing bodily harm.<\/div><\/div>\n<h1>The length and complexity of a paragraph<\/h1>\n<p>The idea that a single paragraph should be approximately one page long<span class='et-tooltip'><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><sup>1<\/sup><\/span><span class='et-tooltip-box'>Royal Roads University Writing Centre. Writing an Academic Paragraph, slide 3 transcript<span class='et-tooltip-arrow'><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0is mind-boggling and contrary to what I\u2019m accustomed to writing. I\u2019ve been writing online content for years, for blogs, websites, or student lessons. Before that I wrote a bunch of books, which had their own structural and template requirements.<\/p>\n<p>A basic tenet of online writing is short, snappy sentences in short paragraphs. Heaven forbid you should expect your reader to concentrate on what they\u2019re reading!\u00a0My online course materials follow the same \u201cshort and snappy\u201d principle. Not only are the lessons highly-structured, the contents are evaluated for reading ease and grade level<span class='et-tooltip'><span style=\"font-size: 8pt\"><sup>2<\/sup><\/span><span class='et-tooltip-box'>Acceptable scores for Flesch Reading Ease are &gt;70, and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level &lt;7.<span class='et-tooltip-arrow'><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s an example from one of my lessons:<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_430\" style=\"width: 256px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-430\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-430 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-246x300.png\" alt=\"image of Readability Statistics dialog box\" width=\"246\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-246x300.png 246w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-140x170.png 140w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01.png 372w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 246px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 246\/300;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-430\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Readability Statistics (lesson)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In this random example, I&#8217;ve easily hit the readability targets.\u00a0My second example scores the appendix portion of the briefing note from our last course. I used my <em>regular<\/em> type of paragraph structuring, which was appropriate as I covered multiple topics.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_426\" style=\"width: 256px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-426\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-426 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-246x300.png\" alt=\"image of Readability Stats dialog box\" width=\"246\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-246x300.png 246w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02-140x170.png 140w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-02.png 370w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 246px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 246\/300;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Readability Statistics (briefing note)<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The Readability Statistics screenshots are captured from Word. The problem is the length of time it takes to evaluate the document first, rather than just getting the stats, as well as the limited information in the results. I discovered a great online tool, and its shortcut is already on my Bookmarks toolbar.<\/p>\n<h1>Readable.io<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/readable.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Readable.io<\/a>\u00a0runs a series of algorithms against pasted text and gives you a range of readability scores and text analytics. This may or may not be a useful tool for you, dear classmates, but it is perfect for me. The more I understand the structure of what I&#8217;m producing, the easier it becomes to incorporate that structure into my publication design. Here&#8217;s a screenshot of the contents of this blog post evaluated at Readable.io.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_454\" style=\"width: 763px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-454\" class=\"wp-image-454 size-full lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-05.png\" alt=\"screenshot of text with readability items highlighted\" width=\"753\" height=\"481\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-05.png 753w, https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/52\/2017\/06\/LRNT522-01-05-300x192.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 753px) 100vw, 753px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 753px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 753\/481;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-454\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Readability output<\/p><\/div>\n<p>You can hover over a highlighted segment to see the error in question. Along with the text quality highlighting, there are many scores available to consider. I don&#8217;t think it&#8217;s relevant to know that my prose sounds more male than female (although that is scored!) but it is relevant for me to quickly evaluate my writing to find ways to improve it.<\/p>\n<p>In many ways, it feels like an automated copy editor, which is something I miss as a student!\u00a0There are paid and free versions of the service, and I don&#8217;t see the need for subscribing to the service at this point.<\/p>\n<h1>References<\/h1>\n<p>Kay, R. (2015).\u00a0<em>Academic Writing \u2013 Information Paragraph<\/em>. Retrieved from\u00a0https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6W9g5BBzgbo&amp;amp;index=1&amp;amp;list=PLrVp3Whndt16AKcSzWHp_VuP2JBrfPDWt<\/p>\n<p>Kay, R. (2015).\u00a0<em>Academic Writing \u2013 Researching a Paragraph<\/em>. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6W9g5BBzgbo&amp;index=1&amp;list=PLrVp3Whndt16AKcSzWHp_VuP2JBrfPDWt<\/p>\n<p>Royal Roads University Writing Centre. <em>Writing an Academic Paragraph<\/em>. Retrieved from http:\/\/media.royalroads.ca\/media\/Library\/writingcentre\/presentations\/Para_full\/Para_full.html<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>So, the other night, hubby and I were in the living room partaking of our usual evening multi-tasking, both of us in our favorite locations with tablets in hand, watching CNN, periodically commenting on what we\u2019re watching or reading. I explained that I just finished a couple of hours of reading on how to write [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[42,43,44],"class_list":["post-415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lrnt522","tag-academic-writing","tag-paragraphs","tag-structure","wpautop"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/47"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=415"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":485,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/415\/revisions\/485"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0006\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}