{"id":232,"date":"2017-09-09T01:56:01","date_gmt":"2017-09-09T08:56:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/?p=232"},"modified":"2017-09-16T02:10:10","modified_gmt":"2017-09-16T09:10:10","slug":"a-brief-look-at-burrhus-frederic-skinner-and-his-teaching-machine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/a-brief-look-at-burrhus-frederic-skinner-and-his-teaching-machine\/","title":{"rendered":"A Brief Timeline of Burrhus Frederic Skinner and His Teaching Machine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Upon review of a variety of articles on the history of educational technology, I have found a recurring reference on the subject of B.F. Skinner and his teaching machine (Benjamin, 1988; Bruckner, 2015; Spector, Merrill, Elen, & Bishop, 2014; Watters, 2014). Burrhus Frederic Skinner, was a research psychologist, who was renown for his theory of operant conditioning (Bruckner, 2015). Skinner had also created a teaching machine to enhance to the academic advancement of the learner (Watters, 2014).<\/p>\n

Below is an abbreviated timeline of B.F. Skinner and the era that revolves around his teaching machine. You may find a more detailed background and timeline of Burrhus Frederic Skinner on a website dedicated to his life and work entitled \u201cThe B. F. Skinner Foundation\u201d at http:\/\/www.bfskinner.org<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Note:<\/strong> This timeline was designed using Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

Benjamin, L. T. (1988). A history of teaching machines. American Psychologist<\/i>, 43<\/i>(9), 703\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.43.9.703<\/p>\n

Bruckner, M. (2015). Educational technology<\/i>. ResearchGate<\/i>. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13140\/2.1.2180.9449<\/p>\n

Ferster B. (2014). Teaching Machines<\/i>\u202f: Learning from the Intersection of Education and Technology<\/i>. Johns Hopkins University Press. Retrieved from http:\/\/ebookcentral.proquest.com.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/lib\/royalroads-ebooks\/reader.action?docID=3318857<\/p>\n

Spector, J. M., Merrill, M. D., Elen, J., & Bishop, M. J. (Eds.). (2014). Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology<\/i>. New York, NY: Springer New York. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-3185-5<\/p>\n

Watters, A. (2014). The Monsters of Education Technology<\/i>, 207. Retrieved from https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/audreywatters\/the-monsters-of-education-technology.pdf<\/p>\n

Digital Photograph References (left to right)<\/strong><\/p>\n

01 – Baby pram from 1910. Photo taken in Open Air Museum Massing, Bavaria, Germany. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Baby_car#\/media\/File:Kinderwagen_korb_01.jpg<\/p>\n

02 – Hamilton College, Clinton, N.Y. Retrieved from https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/99\/Hamilton_College%2C_Clinton%2C_N.Y._LCCN2007661271.tif<\/p>\n

03 – Portrait of Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist and experimental psychologist. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ivan_Pavlov_LIFE.jpg<\/p>\n

04 – Harry Elkins Widener Memorial Library, Harvard University. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Harvard_University#\/media\/File:WidenerLibrary_HarvardUniversity_Springtime.jpg<\/p>\n

05 – Teaching machine, designed by B. F. Skinner. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Skinner_teaching_machine_01.jpg<\/p>\n

06 – Baby Crib Photo. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?search=baby+rattle&title=Special:Search&profile=default&fulltext=1&searchToken=49tn1qwz72b9n4p96xhcm68k8#\/media\/File:Baby_carriage,_rattle,_barefoot_Fortepan_58242.jpg<\/p>\n

07 – Pigeon Photo. Retrieved from https:\/\/pixabay.com\/en\/pigeon-bird-feral-pigeons-2548578\/<\/p>\n

08 – B.F. Skinner at Harvard circa 1950. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:B.F._Skinner_at_Harvard_circa_1950.jpg<\/p>\n

10 – Old Microphone. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/photo\/night-music-band-microphone-9137\/<\/p>\n

11 – IBM logo history. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:IBM_logo_history.PNG<\/p>\n

12 – A Mongolian typewriter used on the Central Eurasia Program of FBIS during the 1950s. Retrieved from https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?search=1950+typewriter&title=Special:Search&profile=default&fulltext=1&searchToken=dgbfddl57lp7xrvmcqwy2wr76#\/media\/File:FBIS_Central_Eurasia_Program_Mongolian_Typewriter_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg<\/p>\n

13 – Machinists and toolmakers making experimental engine parts at the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory, 1946.Retrieved from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Machine_shop#\/media\/File:Machine_Shop_Men_GPN-2000-000364.jpg<\/p>\n

14 – Old Book. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.freeimages.com\/photo\/old-book-1-1417902<\/p>\n

15 – Grave of B.F. Skinner and his wife, Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Retrieved from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/B._F._Skinner#\/media\/File:BF_Skinner_Grave.JPG<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Upon review of a variety of articles on the history of educational technology, I have found a recurring reference on the subject of B.F. Skinner and his teaching machine (Benjamin, 1988; Bruckner, 2015; Spector, Merrill, Elen, & Bishop, 2014; Watters, 2014). Burrhus Frederic Skinner, was a research psychologist, who was renown for his theory of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":136,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lrnt523","post_format-post-format-image"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=232"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":243,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232\/revisions\/243"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0020\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}