{"id":430,"date":"2021-02-14T19:43:58","date_gmt":"2021-02-15T03:43:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/?p=430"},"modified":"2021-02-14T19:43:58","modified_gmt":"2021-02-15T03:43:58","slug":"change-theory-in-bc-dl-schools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/change-theory-in-bc-dl-schools\/","title":{"rendered":"Change Theory in BC DL Schools"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_431\" style=\"width: 917px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-431\" class=\"wp-image-431 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/180\/2021\/02\/7086604277_b522c09d6e_n-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"Change ahead Sign\" width=\"907\" height=\"508\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 907px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 907\/508;\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-431\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image Change by Angel Miller from Flikr.com<\/p><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Changes in Change Theories<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Just as there is rapid progress in technologies, so is there progress in change theories and models. According to Al-Haddad and Kotnour (2015) change theories have become more flexible in response to more varied contexts, by extending the focus from an individual to the organization as a whole and even the pressures beyond the organization. In the educational technology field there exists the contradiction of fast paced technology with slow educational procedures which is exacerbated by the conflicting notions of entrenched tools and the need for readiness to implement successful change. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Urgent Change<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The current context of BC\u2019s public schools is especially unique due to the urgency to adapt to the global pandemic last year. Urgency, the first stage of Koffer\u2019s 8-stage theory of change, as as a motivator towards change. While 2020 was definitely a year for urgent change, this change is not the kind leaders should strive for as it was in response to an emergency with the goal to continue education, not develop any long-lasting educational progress. During this transition, Distributed Learning (DL) schools had a smoother transition, but also teachers and learners were held to pre-covid standards. This resulted in an increase to the unbalance between face-to-face and online schools.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beyond the emergency response to a pandemic, the context of BC public Distributed Learning high school <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">provides additional challenges such as a heavy reliance on Learning Managment Systems (LMS) and external content such as Western Canada&#8217;s Learning Network. I selected key<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> elements of change theories that are most pertinent to this context:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Technology: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0As <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">technology rapidly changes the whole system needs to change in response (Biech, 2007). Technology is also significant to change as it can cause resistance to change by users who are entrenched in current tools or fear learning new tools or who rely on tools outside of their organization.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Community:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A DL school consists of administrators, educators, learners, course developers, IT staff, parents, and students. Paul questions \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the readiness and ability of students to assume the responsibility for their own learning inherent in most of these models\u201d (2003, p. 69). The role of various community members is also recognized by Epstein\u2019s \u201coverlapping spheres of influence\u201d (as cited in Sanders &amp; Epstein, 2005).\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Economics:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In public schools, Theory E, or theory of economics (as defined by Al-Haddad &amp; Kotnour) is relevant as ministry funding regulates the ability for change. The school budget is truly the bottom line. However, the role of economics is limited to higher level leaders and is rarely involved in discussions at the educator level where there is a more perceived focus on Theory O and softer theories. If the funding models were altered, public schools could move more effectively to participatory action research (Al-Haddad &amp; Kotnour, 245).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Time<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">: With a lack of contract language for BC\u2019s DL schools, teachers are often overwhelmed with a large number of classes and students. Weiner (2009) recongized time&#8217;s influence on change efficacy. The availability of time to effect change is also important when considering the outcomes. In order to provide measures of the change, time is further reduced.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Future Change<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we continue to value the significance of context and the individuals in that context, I hope that individual experiences and strengths are continued to be included through change. I also wish to see that rather than rushing towards change we allow some time for rest and mastery. I predict that educators will feel exhausted by our recent rapid changes which lack the time to required to improve new skills. Amidst our global pandemic there is also an underlying crisis of increasing mental illness.\u00a0 I hope to see more integration of community services in schools to ensure the well-being of the whole child (Sanders &amp; Epstein, 2005) and would welcome psychological well-being being intentionally considered in any change theory.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>References<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Al-Haddad, S. &amp; Kotnour, T. (2015). Integrating the organizational change literature: a model for successful change. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Journal of Organizational Change Management, 28<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(2). 234 &#8211; 262. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi-org.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/10.1108\/JOCM-11-2013-0215\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi-org.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/10.1108\/JOCM-11-2013-0215<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Biech, E. (2007). Models for change. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/sso\/skillport?context=22651\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thriving Through Change: A Leader\u2019s Practical Guide to Change Mastery<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alexandria, VA: ASTD [Retrieved from Skillsoft e-book database]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Feldstein, M. (2017, May 28). A flexible, interoperable digital learning platform: Are we there yet? [Blog post]. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">ELiterate. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/eliterate.us\/flexible-interoperable-digital-learning-platform-yet<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Paul, R. (2003). Institutional leadership and the management of change. In <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Planning and Management in Distance Education<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/lib\/royalroads-ebooks\/reader.action?docID=198435&amp;ppg=85\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/lib\/royalroads-ebooks\/reader.action?docID=198435&amp;ppg=85<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sanders, M. &amp; Epstein, J. (2005). School-family-community partnerships and educational change: International perspectives. In Hargreaves, A. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Extending Educational Change<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/link-springer-com.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/book\/10.1007%2F1-4020-4453-4\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/link-springer-com.ezproxy.royalroads.ca\/book\/10.1007%2F1-4020-4453-4<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Weiner, B. (2009). A theory of organizational readiness for change. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Implementation Science, 4(<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">67), doi:10.1186\/1748-5908-4-67<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Changes in Change Theories Just as there is rapid progress in technologies, so is there progress in change theories and models. According to Al-Haddad and Kotnour (2015) change theories have become more flexible in response to more varied contexts, by extending the focus from an individual to the organization as a whole and even the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":186,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lrnt525"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/186"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=430"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":443,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/430\/revisions\/443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/malat-webspace.royalroads.ca\/rru0164\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}