3-2-1 Revisited

To reflect on my learning during this course, I have opted to use the same 3-2-1 format I used initially, as it illustrates a new outlook from my experiences. 

3 Thoughts

*Digital facilitation is learner-centered. 

Although I knew learning was about the learner, this sentiment did not translate into my thoughts of an online instructor. While working with my team on creating content, we always returned to what was best for our learners, including providing encouragement and support (like a cheerleader) and being a co-learner alongside them (Bull, 2013). 

*Using frameworks and theory to substantiate decisions is key

Working with my team of co-facilitators illustrated the importance of using theory and design to frame our decisions concerning content and building our learning environment. Being cognizant of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework helped keep our team focused on providing a balanced approach to social presence, teaching presence, and cognitive presence. We incorporated such elements as creating opportunities for collaborative learning in our synchronous session (cognitive/social presence), as well as clearly stating outcomes, activities, and expectations (teaching presence) (Lalonde, 2021). We also incorporated various elements of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) to promote CoI and a learner-centred experience. 

*Feedback is integral for effective digital learning. 

This sentiment has remained unchanged, yet I am satisfied knowing this idea has been substantiated through my experiences. As our group was the last to present, I have not been able to view our learners’ insights, but I look forward to seeing what I can glean from their responses. If digital facilitation is, in fact, learner-centred, we must then seek feedback from our learners in order to provide them with what they need. As one of our resources from our facilitation week on inclusive learning states, an essential aspect of facilitating is to iterate and improve (Gamrat, 2020). 

2 Questions

My initial question from the beginning of the course (how does a facilitator provide relevancy when information about their students is relatively unknown?) has been answered in a way. Using our knowledge of CoI, I know that spending time getting to know your learners at the beginning of the course (using technology surveys, encouraging informal activities for getting to know learners and asking for preferred names and pronouns) can give facilitators important background information (Gamrat, 2020; Page et al., 2021). However, the part I continue to struggle with is this:

How can facilitators provide relevant materials that reflect a group’s varied background in a timely way? After getting to know our students, how can we incorporate relevancy without rebuilding the course? From what I understand, it seems that many facilitators have a course already made and ready to implement, so making changes with activities and resources may be challenging. 

My second question (how does an educator encourage and promote student feedback?) has also been answered. If marks are associated with feedback, as they were in our course, more students will be willing to engage. My new question after my current experience is:

How do facilitators implement feedback midway through the course in a timely and relevant way? 

1 Simile

As I look upon my initial image of a one-person band representing digital facilitation, I most definitely changed my simile after my experiences as an online facilitator. Instead of having the teacher as the focal point, as in a one-person band, I now know it is a shared experience. 

My new simile is this: 

Digital facilitators are like symphony conductors; they set the pace while collaborating with and guiding musicians to bring out their best, thereby creating a harmonious musical experience. 

HarmonieO&U at Dutch Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons


References 

Bull, B. (2013, June 3). Eight roles of an effective online teacher. Faculty Focus | Higher Ed Teaching & Learning. https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/online-education/eight-roles-of-an-effective-online-teacher/

Gamrat, C. (2020, February 6). Inclusive teaching and course design. Educause. https://er.educause.edu/blogs/2020/2/inclusive-teaching-and-course-design

Lalonde, C. (2020, August 23). Facilitation in a Community of Inquiry [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/Nv1bUZv5PLs

Page, C., Hardwick, J., & Takacs, S. (2021). Creating inclusive online learning environments. In Inclusive pedagogies. KPU. https://kpu.pressbooks.pub/inclusivepedagogies/chapter/creating-inclusive-online-learning-environments/

CoI strategies for grades 8-12 digital educators

Use this link to view the infographic in more detail–use a trackpad or mouse to zoom in or out.


When planning for grades 8-12 digital learning environments, using the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has many advantages, including fostering connections, encouraging collaborative learning, and respecting learner diversity (Dunlap & Lowenthal, 2018). Using CoI to frame instruction allows teachers to put the learner at the center, focusing on teaching presence rather than teacher presence (Vaughan et al., 2013). Equally blending teaching, social, and cognitive presences creates a healthy community of inquiry where learners work together to create meaning (Dunlap & Lowenthal, 2018). 

To help educators use CoI in their instruction, I have included three strategies in each CoI area, starting with teaching presence. The strategies I have incorporated for this category focus on design and organization, direct instruction, and facilitating discourse; these areas of focus help structure the course and learning activities to promote inquiry (Lalonde, 2020). These categories also have students as a focal point and the educator as a facilitator rather than a teacher (Vaughan et al., 2013). 

Next, I chose three strategies to help promote a vibrant and active social presence. Here I focused on providing opportunities for connection and collaboration, presence, and support. Vaughan, Cleveland-Innes, and Garrison (2013) point out that the facilitator in a CoI needs to encourage, model, and support connections within the group to ensure trust and active contributors. When facilitators allow for visual introductions, facilitate discussions regarding expectations, and provide ways to connect, these strategies can lead to meaningful discussions and involvement. 

Lastly, the three strategies I chose for cognitive presence focus on activities to promote shared understanding and collaborative learning through reflection and discussions (Lalonde, 2020). Commenting on others’ posts, using Bloom’s Taxonomy to pose thought-provoking questions, and providing group work activities allow learners to build on each other’s ideas and co-create knowledge, leading to deeper and more complex learning (Vaughan et al., 2013). 

Additionally, I have added two supplemental resources that provide further strategies on incorporating collaborative learning activities, as well as strategies to promote participation; these align with the CoI framework in that they acknowledge the importance of collaborative learning (social presence, cognitive presence,) and participation (social presence) (Lalonde, 2020). 

The strategies I have provided in my CoI infographic are meant to assist grades 8-12 educators in facilitating digital learning spaces. By providing activities that promote social connection, collaboration and reflection, and encouraging and supporting learners, educators who use a CoI framework are promoting student engagement, success, and collaborative learning (Dunlap & Lowenthal, 2018). 


References

Clint Lalonde. (2020, August 23). Facilitation in a Community of Inquiry [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nv1bUZv5PLs

Dunlap, J. C., & Lowenthal, P. R. (2018). Online educators’ recommendations for teaching online: Crowdsourcing in action. Open Praxis, 10(1), 79–89. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.10.1.721

Vaughan, N. D., Clevland-Innes, M., & Garrison, D. R. (2013). Facilitation. In Teaching in blended learning environments (pp. 45–61). Athabasca University Press. https://read.aupress.ca/read/teaching-in-blended-learning-environments/section/43261c4a-6d4c-44cf-8c7f-60bc306eb03a

3-2-1 Post regarding digital facilitators

After reading through Unit 1 readings for our Facilitating in Digital Environments course, I have the following reflections: 

3 Thoughts

*Digital facilitation is complex. There are so many aspects to think about, including creating community, providing relevant materials, and being present (Boettcher, n.d.). Ensuring these and other criteria are being met will take patience and practice. 

*There are many roles as a digital facilitator. After reading Bull’s (2013) article, I realized that teaching online isn’t simply providing materials and guiding students through; it’s about providing encouragement, support, and connections. In this sense, I can see the similarity of digital teachers to classroom teachers, as the aforementioned roles are also a part of classroom teaching.

*Feedback is integral for effective digital learning–for both students and educators. Without feedback from students, how will educators know if their course is effective? Boettcher (n.d.) states the feedback early on can allow for any adaptations to be made to the course. As for students, consistent, clear feedback during the course allows students to adapt and reach out for support if needed (Bull, 2013). 

2 Questions

*Boettcher (n.d.) states the importance of providing relevant materials for students;  how does a facilitator provide relevancy when information about their students is relatively unknown?

*Boettcher (n.d.) also states the importance of feedback, yet I am unsure of how many students take advantage of providing feedback for teachers; how does an educator encourage and promote student feedback? Can marks be used to encourage feedback, or will this skew results?

1 Simile

Digital teaching is like a one-man band, ensuring all instruments are contributing their unique sounds and together producing a harmonious melody.  

One Man Band [photograph], by William W. Ward, 2014, Flickr. CC BY 4.0


References 

Boettcher, J. V. (n.d.). Ten best practices for teaching online [Designing for Learning]. http://designingforlearning.info/writing/ten-best-practices-for-teaching-online/

Bull, B., & . (2013, June 3). Eight roles of an effective online teacher. Faculty Focus | Higher Ed Teaching & Learning. https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/online-education/eight-roles-of-an-effective-online-teacher/