By Kym Elderkin

As the Program Manager and facilitator working with Indigenous youth aged 12–24 in a digital learning environment, my role is to support an inclusive and engaging environment. These three presences are critical for creating meaningful learning experiences, particularly for Indigenous learners who may face unique cultural and systemic barriers in digital settings. Currently, all facilitation occurs in person, but I aim to incorporate a digital presence to engage youth where they are.
Teaching Presence
For Indigenous youth, this means creating culturally relevant curricula that honor Indigenous knowledge systems. I can incorporate storytelling, land-based learning activities, and Indigenous perspectives into digital content, ensuring the material resonates with learners’ cultural identities. According to Vaughan et al. (2013), Teaching Presence includes clear communication of goals and instructions. I can achieve this by providing consistent feedback through video messages or discussion forums, ensuring clarity while fostering trust. For example, I might design a module on Indigenous history with interactive elements like virtual talking circles, aligning with the CoI’s emphasis on purposeful facilitation to guide learners toward critical inquiry.
Social Presence
Creating a sense of community and belonging, is vital for Indigenous youth who may feel isolated in digital spaces. The Centre for Teaching Excellence emphasizes building trust through open communication and collaboration. I can facilitate this by encouraging learners to share personal stories or cultural practices in online forums, creating a safe space for self-expression. For instance, I could host live video sessions where youth discuss their experiences with traditional practices, fostering interpersonal connections. Vaughan et al. (2013) notes that Social Presence enhances group cohesion, which I can support by using icebreaker activities or peer-to-peer collaboration tools like shared digital whiteboards. These strategies help Indigenous youth feel seen and valued, strengthening their engagement.
Cognitive Presence
This involves connecting course content to lived experiences and cultural contexts. The CoI framework highlights the importance of inquiry-based activities to promote higher-order thinking (Vaughan et al., 2013). I can design problem-based learning tasks, such as analyzing environmental challenges facing Indigenous communities, encouraging youth to propose solutions grounded in traditional ecological knowledge. By integrating reflective activities, like journaling or discussion prompts, I can support learners in processing and applying new knowledge. The Centre for Teaching Excellence suggests scaffolding activities to build cognitive skills, which I can implement through step-by-step digital tutorials that guide youth toward independent analysis.
By intentionally weaving Teaching, Social, and Cognitive Presence into the digital learning environment, I can create a culturally responsive space that empowers Indigenous youth. This approach not only supports academic growth but also honors their identities, fostering resilience and pride in their learning journey.
References
Centre for Teaching Excellence, University of Waterloo. (n.d.). Community of Inquiry.
Vaughan, N. D., Cleveland-Innes, M., & Garrison, D. R. (2013). Teaching in Blended Learning Environments: Creating and Sustaining Communities of Inquiry. Chapter 3.
15 September 2025 at 4:48 pm
Hi Kimberley, thank you for such a thoughtful post! I really admire how you’re centering Indigenous knowledge systems and cultural relevance within the CoI framework. The way you tied Teaching, Social, and Cognitive Presence to concrete strategies like virtual talking circles, storytelling, and land-based connections is both creative and respectful of learners’ identities.
Your focus on building trust and creating safe spaces for youth to share their stories stood out to me, especially since social presence can be such a challenge in digital settings. What platforms or tools do you think best support building social presence with Indigenous learners?
16 September 2025 at 11:13 am
I have to say that I really enjoyed your post, Kym…it’s great to see that you’ve tied the CoI model to Indigenous youth in such a practical way. I think the idea of virtual talking circles is powerful…I’ve never thought about using something like that in online spaces. Do you ever get learners who feel hesitant with those protocols? How does that play out?
Your point on Social Presence stood out too…I wonder if involving elders in live sessions could deepen that sense of connection. And I like how you linked Cognitive Presence to environmental stewardship…it makes the learning feel real and relevant. Sometimes, it’s good to see examples that are both grounded and culturally responsive.
Thanks for sharing this…I’m walking away with some new ideas for my own context.
19 September 2025 at 10:58 am
Thank you for sharing social, teaching and cognitive presence strategies you see as most important in building a community of inquiry within your proposed online learning program for indigenous youth. Framing your approach through the CoI model provides a really clear picture and has deepened my understanding of indigenous practices in teaching and learning.
During our initial LRNT528 Team 3 planning session, a teammate shared a resource with us that may be of interest as you develop your online learning program. With Dr. Jennifer Wemigwans as lead Director,The University of Toronto’s Indigenous Digital Practice initiative is focussed on strengthening Indigenous digital approaches. Her book, A Digital Bundle: Protecting and Promoting Indigenous Knowledge Online (2018), could be relevant to your work. It defines Indigenous Knowledge online as, ‘digital bundles’ that have the potential to support indigenous knowledge sharing, self-determination and community building in a networked world (Critical Digital Humanities Initiative, n.d.). I look forward to hearing more about your project as it evolves.
Resources:
Critical Digital Humanities Initiative (n.d). University of Toronto. Indigenous Digital Practice. https://dhn.utoronto.ca/indigenous-digital-practice/