I recently read an article in the Guardian about the perception that screen time from TVs, computers, and mobile devices has a negative effect on children. Do you agree? The author certainly does not.
Evidence suggests focusing on screen time is misguided
Etchells (2017) believes screen time is not inherently harmful to children, and focusing on screen time as a factor in children’s well-being is misplaced. His beliefs stem from evidence-backed research.
Findings from George and Odgers (2015) indicate mobile technologies do not have a significant impact on adolescent safety, social development, and cognitive performance; rather, the opposite appears to be true — offline circumstances seem to influence adolescent use of mobile technologies, for better or worse. Mills (2016) also provides evidence that using digital technologies allows adolescents to adapt to the demands of today’s fast-paced, always-on culture.
Research from Biddle, Gorley, Marshall, Murdey & Cameron (2004) explored the connection between sedentary behaviours (e.g., watching TV and playing video games) and physical activity, finding no correlation between the two. A literature review conducted by Hinkley, Salmon, Okely, & Trost (2010) found similar results.
Personal experience has influenced my views on screen time
I believe a child’s interactions with technology should not replace interactions between parent and child, but I see nothing wrong with using technology for education, entertainment, or engagement, especially in socially demanding situations (such as on an airplane or in long lineups).
I also believe screen time should not replace physical activity, and it is important to make time for both. These beliefs stem from personal experience as both a child and an adult. I watched a lot of TV growing up, and I do not see any indications in my personal life that I am worse off for it.
Experiencing first-hand how the blue light from devices can negatively affect sleep quality, I believe screen time should be limited before sleep. Unfortunately, I enjoy reading my Kindle before bed, so I have yet to reconcile my beliefs with my actions.
My beliefs seem to align with Etchells. I appreciate having evidence (other than personal experience) that I can use in conversations with other people who may not share my beliefs.
References
Biddle, S.J., Gorley, T., Marshall, S.J., Murdey, I., & Cameron, N. (2004). Physical activity and sedentary behaviours in youth: issues and controversies. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 124(1):29-33
Etchells, P., et al. (January 6, 2017). Screen Time Guidelines should be built on evidence, not hype. The Guardian.
George, M.J. & Odgers, C.L. (2015). Seven Fears and the Science of How Mobile Technologies May Be Influencing Adolescents in the Digital Age. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10(6):832-51. doi: 10.1177/1745691615596788.
Hinkley, T., Salmon, J., Okely, A.D., & Trost, S.G. (2010) Correlates of sedentary behaviours in preschool children: a review. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7(66). https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-7-66.